According to the technology and usage characteristics of electric vehicle power battery pack, there are certain differences in charging mode of electric vehicle. For the choice of charging scheme, there are three modes of conventional charging, rapid charging and rapid battery pack replacement.
1. Electric vehicle charging plug regular charging
The battery should be charged immediately after the discharge is terminated (and should not exceed 24 hours in special cases). The charging current is quite low and the size is about 15A. This kind of charging is called regular charging (ordinary charging).The charging method of conventional battery adopts constant voltage or constant current charging with a small current. Generally, the charging time is 5-8 hours, or even more than 10 to 20 hours.
Since the rating of power and current used is not critical, the cost of chargers and installation of conventional charging is relatively low;It can make full use of electric power to charge at low ebb and reduce charging cost.It can improve charging efficiency and prolong battery life.The main shortcoming of the conventional charging mode is that the charging time is too long and it is difficult to meet the emergency operation requirements.
2. Quick charging
The charging method of conventional ev charging plug usually takes a long time, which brings a lot of inconvenience to practical use.The emergence of fast rechargeable batteries has provided technical support for the commercialization of pure electric vehicles.Rapid charging, also known as emergency charging, is to provide short-term charging service for electric vehicles within 20 minutes to 2 hours when they are parked for a short time with large current. Generally, charging current is 150 ~ 400A.
Short charging time;Long battery life (over 2000 charges);Without memory, it can charge and discharge at large capacity, and can charge 70% ~ 80% in a few minutes.As the battery can store 80% to 90% of its power in a short period of time (about 10-15 minutes), which is similar to the refueling time, it is not equipped with a large parking lot when constructing corresponding charging stations.However, compared with the conventional charging mode, rapid charging also has some disadvantages: the charging efficiency of the charger is low, and the corresponding work and installation cost is high;Due to the fast charging and high charging current, higher requirements are put forward for the charging technology and the safety of charging. Meanwhile, the design of metering fee also needs special consideration.
3. Electric vehicle charging plug mechanical charging
Mechanical charging is to replace the battery, that is, the battery pack quickly replaced.Charging an electric car is achieved by directly replacing the battery pack.Due to the heavy weight of the battery pack, the professional requirements for battery replacement are strong, and professional personnel should be equipped to complete battery replacement, charging and maintenance quickly with the help of professional machinery.
Electric vehicle users can rent a fully charged battery and replace the depleted battery, which is conducive to the improvement of vehicle use efficiency and the convenience and speed of user use.The replacement battery can be charged at the trough, which reduces the charging cost and improves the running economy of the vehicle.The problems of charging time, storage charge, battery quality, long driving distance and price are solved.The problem of single battery in the battery pack can be found in time, and the maintenance work will be of positive significance for the battery maintenance, and the reduction of discharge depth of the battery pack will also be conducive to the improvement of battery life.
